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Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS)
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Research Initiative
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CDC, IHS
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NIDDK, NCATS, NCI, NCMHD, NEI, NHLBI, NIA, NICHD
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The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) showed that lifestyle change or the drug metformin delay the development of type 2 diabetes. The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study is studying the long-term effect of diet and exercise and the diabetes medication, metformin, on the delay of type 2 diabetes in participants of the DPP.
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Diabetic Eye Disease Information Dissemination
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Public Education Campaign
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CDC
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NEI
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CDC''s National Diabetes Education Program is part of the National Eye Health Education Program Partnership. This past year, NEI and CDC worked outlets and conference calls, and circulated information in phConnect and among each other''s stakeholder groups.
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Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
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Research Initiative
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OS
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NEI, NIDDK
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The Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net) is a collaborative network dedicated to facilitating multicenter clinical research of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, and associated conditions. The DRCR.net supports the identification, design, and implementation of multicenter clinical research initiatives focused on diabetes-induced retinal disorders. Principal emphasis is placed on clinical trials, but epidemiologic outcomes and other research may be supported as well. The network is funded by the NEI, and co-funded by OS, through NIDDK, with the Special Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research.
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Diagnosis, Treatment, and Medical Service Utilization in Medicare and Medicaid Population
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Research Initiative
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CMS
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CC
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Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and NIH CC Rehabilitation Medicine (RMD) agreed to collaborate in data-sharing for research, the results of which may be helpful to improve medical-service quality, utilization, and effectiveness for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. CMS will provide electronic data to the NIH Clinical Center, which will perform analyses that are agreed to by both parties.
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Diagnostic Integrated Program Team (IPT) under Public Health and Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (PHEMCE)
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Committee, Work group, Advisory group, or Task Force
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BARDA, CDC, FDA
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NIAID
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Integrated Program Teams (IPT) are established by PHEMCE. This IPT is focused on diagnostics related to medical countermeasures requirements and development.
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Diet-Induced Hypomethylation in Preneoplastic Liver
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Research Initiative
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FDA
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NCI
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The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) National Center for Toxicological Research and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Prevention, Nutritional Sciences Research Group are collaborating on an Interagency Agreement in which NCI will provide funds to examine the role of epigenetic mechanisms as factors that predetermine individual susceptibility to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and to provide evidence that epigenetic alterations may be used as markers of susceptibility to disease development, and that correction of those epigenetic abnormalities during hepatocarcinogenesis may be a crucial decisive factor in cancer prevention strategies.
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Dietary Supplements Ingredient Database (DSID)
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Research Initiative
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CDC, FDA
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OD/DPCPSI/ODP, NCI, NHLBI, NIDDK, OD/DPCPSI/ODS
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The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) leads this program, which provides a database of basic information about the nutrient content of selected ingredients in commonly consumed types of dietary supplements, compared to label-reported ingredient levels. ODS, with collaboration from USDA, develops and maintains this database of statistical estimates—based on chemical analysis—of the nutrient content of selected ingredients in dietary supplements, compared with label-reported ingredient levels. Currently, the Dietary Supplements Ingredient Database (DSID) provides estimated levels of 18 vitamin and mineral ingredients derived from analytical data for 115 representative unspecified adult multivitamin/multimineral supplements (MVMs). Ingredients studied include children''s multivitamin/mineral supplements, non-prescription prenatal supplements, and omega-3 fatty acids. Additional dietary supplement ingredients will be included in future releases of the database.
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Dietary Supplements Label Database (DSLD)
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Resource Development
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CDC, FDA
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OD/DPCPSI/ODP, NLM, OD/DPCPSI/ODS
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In response to a congressional mandate, the NIH Office of Dietary Supplement (ODS), in collaboration with the National Library of Medicine (NLM), takes the lead on the development and maintenance of the Dietary Supplements Label Database (DSLD). The database now contains over 72,000 labels, with new data accumulating at the rate of 1,000 labels per month. The DSLD will grow to include nearly all of the dietary supplement products in the United States. All labels are verified yearly to ensure they remain current. The DSLD provides product information that can be organized and searched by users. The primary users of this database are researchers who use the DSLD to help determine total nutrient intakes from food and supplements in populations they study. Health care providers use it to find the content of products their patients are taking.
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Digital Quantitation of Plasma Cells in Marrow Biopsies
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Research Initiative
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FDA
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CC
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This project is a collaboration between the NIH Clinical Center and the FDA that consists of developing software and establishing validations for the automated determination of marrow cellularity and enumeration of plasma cells identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a CD138 antibody. This initial effort should serve as proof of principle for a broader plan to utilize IHC-based automated quantitation of different types of cells in bone marrow core biopsies for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring of marrow disorders.
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Disaster Research Response Project
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Research Initiative
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ATSDR, CDC, FDA, OS
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NIEHS, NLM
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The NIH Disaster Research Response (DR2) Project is a pilot project aimed at creating an environmental health disaster research system through platforms of ready-to-go research data collection tools and a network of specially trained research responders. This project was developed and will be administered by the NIEHS and NLM. Elements of the system include epidemiologic questionnaires and clinical protocols, specially trained disaster researchers, environmental health disaster research networks, a reach-back roster of subject matter experts, and a support infrastructure that can be activated and deployed during public health emergencies and declared disasters. This effort will not only serve as a model for enhancing environmental health research responses but will also provide invaluable lessons and platforms for others interested in advancing timely post-disaster research activities.
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